The Food and Drug Administration will permit use of COVID vaccines by adults older than 65 and those with certain medical conditions in the fall, but will require additional studies before approving the shots for healthy Americans younger than 65, agency officials said Tuesday.

At this point, the additional doses offer “uncertain” benefits to many young and middle-aged people who have already been vaccinated or have had COVID, Dr. Vinay Prasad, the FDA’s vaccine division chief, and Dr. Martin Makary, the agency’s commissioner, wrote in The New England Journal of Medicine.

“The FDA will approve vaccines for high-risk persons and, at the same time, demand robust, gold-standard data on persons at low risk,” the officials wrote.

Until now, annual COVID shots were recommended for everyone ag

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