American educator John Franklin Bobbitt, considered the father of modern curriculum theory, proposed in 1918 in his book, *The Curriculum*, that the curriculum should focus on the needs of society and prepare students for their future work roles. The competency-based curriculum, as such, was born in 1973 following the publication in *American Psychologist* of the article *Testing for Competence Rather Than Intelligence* by American psychologist David McClelland. Subsequently, projects such as *Deseco* in December 1997 and *Tuning* in 1998, following the Sorbonne Declaration, promoted by the OECD and the European Union, have consolidated the competency-based approach to higher education and the definition of key competencies.

In 1954, Rómulo Gallegos gave a lecture at the University of Nue

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