There are a number of reasons the National Guard may be called to duty in the United States, including to help after disasters and provide security for events.

A president mobilizing the Guard to respond to a situation, however, is rare. In January 2017, President Trump threatened in a tweet to “send in the Feds!” in response to violence in Chicago. Ultimately, he didn’t.

National Guard historians, in response to a request by the Tribune, listed a dozen since the enactment of the Armed Forces Reserve Act in 1952, when the Guard was called into duty and operated under the control of the president. Many of these incidents were during the turbulent civil rights struggles in the 1960s.

This list doesn’t include the many times the Guard was activated by a governor and operated under stat

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