A salmonella outbreak has affected 27 individuals across Canada, with the majority of cases reported in Alberta and British Columbia. According to the Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA), 13 cases were identified in Alberta, 12 in British Columbia, one in Ontario, and one in the Northwest Territories. The outbreak is believed to have originated from contact with dogs, their food, or treats.

The CFIA issued a public notice stating that even healthy dogs can carry the salmonella bacteria and transmit it to humans. The outbreak has been traced to illnesses occurring between mid-February and mid-August 2025. The affected individuals range in age from less than one year to 87 years old, with 59 percent being female. Six people required hospitalization, but no fatalities have been reported.

Most of those infected reported handling dog food and treats, including kibble and dehydrated or freeze-dried products, prior to falling ill. The CFIA has not identified a specific manufacturer linked to the outbreak, and therefore, no recall has been issued. The agency noted that more cases may still emerge, as the reporting period for illness can range from 15 to 101 days.

The CFIA emphasized that the reported cases only include laboratory-confirmed instances. They estimate that the actual number of infections could be significantly higher, as many individuals experience mild symptoms and do not seek medical attention. Research suggests that for every reported case of salmonella, there may be 26 unreported cases.

Symptoms of salmonella infection typically appear within 6 to 72 hours after exposure and can include chills, fever, nausea, diarrhea, vomiting, stomach cramps, and headaches. Most symptoms resolve within 4 to 7 days. The CFIA advises anyone who has handled dog food or treats and develops symptoms to consult a doctor and mention their exposure.

Diagnosis of salmonellosis requires specific tests, and symptoms can resemble those of other illnesses, which may lead to misdiagnosis. While most individuals recover without treatment, some may experience severe reactions that necessitate hospitalization and could result in long-term health issues or death. Those at higher risk for serious illness include seniors, young children, pregnant women, and individuals with weakened immune systems.

To minimize the risk of infection, the CFIA recommends thorough handwashing with soap and water after handling dog food or treats. Children should also wash their hands after interacting with dogs or their food. It is important to clean and sanitize any containers, utensils, and surfaces used for dog food or treats. Dedicated food and water bowls should be washed separately from other dishes, and dog food should be stored away from human food. Additionally, follow any refrigeration instructions for dog food.