Mysterious red dots spotted by the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) could be an entirely new kind of astronomical object with a connection to a huge 1990s grunge hit. Astronomers have long puzzled over the so-called "little red dots" - compact, extremely red objects that appear to date back to less than a billion years after the Big Bang. Some researchers even called them "universe breakers", as their apparent age and maturity seemed to challenge established theories of galaxy formation. But new research suggests these dots may not be unusually old galaxies after all. Instead, they could be vast spheres of dense, turbulent gas - like the sun but larger - surrounding voracious supermassive black holes. These new discovery could even mean Soundgarden's Chris Cornell was unknowingly singing about real astronomical objects in the band's 1994 track Black Hole Sun. Anna de Graaff of the Max Planck Institute for Astronomy in Heidelberg explained: "The extreme properties of The Cliff forced us to go back to the drawing board, and come up with entirely new models." Her team found that one particularly striking object, nicknamed The Cliff, could not be explained by standard models of galaxies or dust-shrouded black holes. Its light spectrum resembled that of a single star more than that of a galaxy - prompting the team to propose a radical alternative. These bizarre entities mimic stars in appearance but shine because the central black hole heats the surrounding gas envelope, much as nuclear fusion drives the outer layers of a star. But unlike stars, there is no fusion engine at their core - only a supermassive black hole consuming matter and releasing immense energy.
Black Hole Sun Won't You Come: Mysterious New Astronomical Object Echoes 1990s Grunge Hit

43