This article by Eos is published here as part of the global journalism collaboration Covering Climate Now.

Climate change caused 16,469 deaths in European cities this summer, new research estimates.

This summer was the fourth hottest in European history, and its effects on the continent’s population have been widely reported. Spain experienced its most intense heat wave in history in August 2025. Türkiye saw its highest recorded temperature ever (50.5°C, or 122.9°F). Finland saw an “unprecedented” three straight weeks of 30°C heat.

A new, rapid-analysis study by researchers at Imperial College London (ICL) and the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine estimated that 24,400 people across 854 European cities and urban centers died from heat-related causes between June

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