In the early 18th century a French zoologist, Jean-Baptiste Lamarck proposed a theory of so-called “soft inheritance” that predated Charles Darwin’s theory of evolution based on variation and natural selection. Lamarck believed that traits acquired during the lifetime of an individual organism can be passed on to the next generation. Two examples were often cited: 1) a blacksmith develops strong muscles and his offspring spontaneously have natural strength; 2) giraffes strained their necks to reach ever higher leaves and progressively longer necks were passed along over generations.

In short, heredity advancement driven by desire. Lamarkianism considered evolution as a process that drives species toward ever greater complexity. Darwinian evolution assumes that random mutations happen all

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