By Johann M Cherian and Kanchana Chakravarty

(Reuters) -U.S. President Donald Trump imposed new fees on H-1B visas on Friday as part of his wide-ranging crackdown on immigration.

Trump’s executive order, which took effect at 12:01 a.m. EDT on Sunday (0401 GMT), hikes the fee for H-1B visa applicants to $100,000. It is a one-time fee applied only to new applicants and not holders of existing visas or those seeking renewals.

WHAT IS THE H-1B VISA PROGRAM?

Established under the Immigration Act of 1990, the H-1B program enables U.S. employers to temporarily hire highly skilled foreign professionals in specialized occupations, primarily in science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) fields.

It requires a bachelor’s degree or higher in the specialty, or its equivalent, according

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