In a moment that celebrates imagination at the atomic level, the 2025 Nobel Prize in Chemistry has gone to Susumu Kitagawa, Richard Robson, and Omar M. Yaghi, three scientists who turned chemistry into architecture.

The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences honoured them “for the development of metal-organic frameworks,” or MOFs, a discovery that could change how we clean air, store energy, and even collect water from desert skies.

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Imagine a sponge so small it exists at the molecular level, capable of trapping gases, filtering toxins, and releasing clean water. That’s what these scientists made possible. The laureates’ creation, metal-organic frameworks, are crystal-like structures. They are metal ions and carbon-based molecules. Together these form a grid filled with countles

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