Scientists Susumu Kitagawa, Richard Robson and Omar Yaghi have won the 2025 Nobel Prize in chemistry "for the development of metal-organic frameworks", the award-giving body says.

The more than a century-old prize is awarded by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences and the winners share 11 million Swedish crowns ($A1.8 million), as well as the fame of winning arguably the world's most prestigious science award.

"They have found ways to create materials, entirely novel materials, with large cavities on their inside which can be seen almost like rooms in a hotel, so that guest molecules can enter and also exit again from the same material," Heiner Linke, Chairman of the Nobel Committee for Chemistry, told a media conference on Wednesday.

"A small amount of such material can be almost like

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