Climate cooperation is facing a reckoning. Ten years after the landmark Paris Agreement, major polluters are wavering on action while the world fast approaches the deal's safer warming limit.

With climate change already causing dangerous extremes across the planet, a United Nations-led system based on consensus and pledges faces tough questions.

Has climate diplomacy done enough so far? And can it survive in an era of fracturing global alliances and economic uncertainty?

The challenge for this year's COP30 UN climate summit in Brazil, and beyond, is taking promises already made and putting them into action.

Instead, US President Donald Trump is yanking the world's second biggest greenhouse gas emitter out of the Paris Agreement for a second time.

The United States and other major prod

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