The world’s shipping regulator is on the verge of green-lighting a global charge on the industry’s emissions, something that has prompted the Trump administration to threaten tariffs in response.

The International Maritime Organization will this week decide on sweeping new rules to make the sector start paying for the more than 1 billion tons of greenhouse gases it emits each year. While a draft plan had wide support in April, the U.S. has called it a “global carbon tax” on Americans, and has said it would consider measures such as tariffs and port levies.

The IMO plan has been years in the making, and adopting it would be a win for multilateral climate regulations in the face of tariff threats and wider blows to environmental progress ahead of next month’s COP30 climate summit in Brazil

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