Afghanistan is part of one of the most tectonically active areas in the world, lying directly on the edge of the Eurasian tectonic plate. This places it within a high-stress transgression zone where it interacts with two other major plates:

The Indian Plate : The Indian plate is relentlessly moving northward and thrusting against the Eurasian plate, a process responsible for the formation of the Himalayas and the numerous quakes experienced across Afghanistan's eastern and northeastern regions.

The Arabian Plate : The northward movement of the Arabian plate to the south also contributes to the immense geological stress on the region.

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This constant, multidirectional convergence and shearing along major fault lines like the Chaman Fault results in fre

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