The concluding session of the 9th Military Literature Festival (MLF) held at the Lake Club on Saturday called for a re-examination of Maharaja Ranjit Singh’s reign, urging scholars to view it as a secular and inclusive model of governance rather than through narrow religious definitions.

Visual ethnographic researcher Amardeep Singh, known for his cross-border documentation project “Lost Heritage”, delivered a detailed presentation on the political, social and military dimensions of the Lahore Darbar’s expansion into Ladakh, Baltistan and western Tibet in the early 19th century.

Opening the discussion, Amardeep questioned the modern use of the term “Sikh Empire,” saying it originated largely in British colonial writing and did not reflect the plural character of Ranjit Singh’s administra

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