New Delhi, Nov 12 (IANS) The Union Cabinet, chaired by Prime Minister Narendra Modi, on Wednesday approved the rationalisation of royalty rates for four critical minerals — graphite, caesium, rubidium, and zirconium.

The royalty rates have been specified or revised as follows: caesium and rubidium will each attract a 2 per cent royalty based on the average sale price (ASP) of the respective metal contained in the ore produced.

Zirconium will have a royalty rate of 1 per cent of ASP, while graphite will be charged 2 per cent of ASP on an ad valorem basis for ore with 80 per cent or more fixed carbon and 4 per cent for ore with less than 80 per cent fixed carbon, according to the Cabinet.

“The decision of the Union Cabinet will promote auction of mineral blocks containing caesium, rubidiu

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