With the 30th United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP 30) underway this week, researchers have shared a first look at this year’s carbon emissions data. The findings show that global emissions from fossil fuels are on track to hit a record high in 2025.

The Global Carbon Budget report, produced by an international team of more than 130 scientists and published on Wednesday, predicts roughly 42 billion tons (38 billion metric tons) of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from fossil fuels this year. That’s a 1.1% increase from 2024.

Based on this and other factors, limiting global warming to 2.7 degrees Fahrenheit (1.5 degrees Celsius) above pre-industrial levels—the threshold set by the Paris Agreement in 2015—will be virtually impossible, the authors conclude. To stabilize the current

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