Acute pulmonary embolism ( PE ) is a life-threatening condition in which blood clots block vessels carrying deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs. This causes a sudden increase in blood pressure against the right ventricle (RV). As the heart struggles to pump blood past the clots, the strain can lead to RV failure and death. Acute PE also disrupts other cardiac and respiratory functions, which increases the risk of mortality.

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a leading cause of cardiovascular death worldwide. The most common sign of CAD is the stiffening and narrowing of blood vessels that supply the heart, a condition called coronary artery stenosis (CAS). Studies have shown that patients with CAD are more likely to suffer from acute PE and have reduced life expectancy aft

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