This article is republished from The Conversation under a Creative Commons license. Read the original article here . The Conversation is an independent and nonprofit source of news, analysis and commentary from academic experts.

Consider the following scenario. There’s a ransomware attack, enhanced by AI, which paralyses NHS systems — delaying medical care across the country.

Simultaneously, deepfake videos circulate online, spreading false information about the government’s response. At the same time, a foreign power quietly manipulates critical mineral markets to exert pressure on the economy.

The scenario is not just a theory. It is a situation waiting to be rehearsed. And research suggests an old tool called wargaming — an exercise or simulation of a threatening situat

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