Global fertility rates are declining across regions, though not at the same pace everywhere. When viewed over time and by geography, the scale of this shift becomes clearer. Since 1950, every part of the world has seen a sustained reduction in the average number of births per woman, including regions that once contributed most to global population growth. In Latin America and the Caribbean, fertility has fallen from about 5.8 births per woman in 1950 to an estimated 1.8 in 2025. Africa, while still the highest-fertility region globally, has also experienced a notable decline, from 6.5 to around 4.0 over the same period. These trends indicate that declining fertility is no longer limited to wealthier or industrialised nations. Today, the lowest regional fertility rates are recorded in E

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