A team of scientists has identified a previously unknown species of extremely small toadlet in the cloud forests of Brazil’s Serra do Quiriri mountain range. The frog belongs to the Brachycephalus group, which already includes 42 recognised species. With this finding, the group has gained one more member.

How small is the new species?

The newly discovered frog is striking bright orange and measures between 8.9 mm and 13.4 mm in length. This makes it one of the smallest four-legged animals known to science.

Marcos R Bornschein, a biologist at São Paulo’s Universidade Estadual Paulista and a co-author of the study, explained that the species stands apart because of a unique mix of traits. He noted that its vivid orange colour and the distinct structure of its mating call are particularly

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