Many people have stood in front of the refrigerator, holding a container of yogurt or a carton of milk, squinting at the expiration date and wondering if it is still safe to eat. Despite clear labeling and public health advice, a surprising number of individuals choose to consume expired food. This behavior is not just about saving money or avoiding waste. It is deeply rooted in human psychology, habits, and our understanding of risk.

Expiration dates are meant to provide guidance on when a product is at its best in terms of quality and safety. However, there are several types of dates, such as “sell by,” “use by,” and “best before,” and they are not all regulated the same way. The confusion around what these terms actually mean contributes to consumer skepticism. Many people believe that

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