(The Conversation is an independent and nonprofit source of news, analysis and commentary from academic experts.)

Suzanne OConnell , Wesleyan University and Alton C. Byers , University of Colorado Boulder

(THE CONVERSATION) In mountain ranges around the world, glaciers are melting as global temperatures rise . Europe’s Alps and Pyrenees lost 40% of their glacier volume from 2000 to 2023. These and other icy regions have provided freshwater for people living downstream for centuries – almost 2 billion people rely on glaciers today. But as glaciers melt faster, they also pose potentially lethal risks.

Water from the melting ice often drains into depressions once occupied by the glacier, creating large lakes. Many of these expanding lakes are held in place by precarious ice d

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