U.S. President Donald Trump and Russian President Vladimir Putin will head to Alaska on Friday for their seventh face-to-face meeting. The previous six happened during Trump’s first term in office. None delivered concrete results for Trump.

Those earlier interactions, in which Trump often spoke favorably of Putin to a degree that made even some Republicans uncomfortable , are coloring expectations for Friday’s summit over ending Russia’s war with Ukraine. In recent days, Trump’s comments on the upcoming head-to-head have veered from tamping down expectations to warning Russia would face “severe consequences” should Putin refuse to make a ceasefire deal.

Trump’s relationship with Russia cast a shadow over his first term, and each of his interactions with Putin. Trump had campaigned

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