Nearly a century after dogs were used to discover insulin in Toronto, sparking one of the greatest medical breakthroughs in history, stories by the Investigative Journalism Bureau published in The London Free Press and other Postmedia papers about clandestine experiments at St. Joseph’s Hospital in London that force dogs into hours-long heart attacks have triggered widespread outrage. Reporter Adshayah Sathiaseelan spoke to experts about how animal testing has evolved and whether Canada is keeping pace with shifting ethics.

How did animal testing shape the discovery of insulin?

At 2 a.m. on Oct. 31, 1920, Dr. Frederick Banting scribbled a note in his London home – now the Banting House National Historic site – about extracting insulin from a dog’s pancreas to treat “diabetus.” Wit

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