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While Diddy 's sitting in jail awaiting sentencing in his federal criminal case ... he can celebrate a win in a civil lawsuit filed by a guy who claimed the mogul drugged him and sexually assaulted him in a nightclub.

The lawsuit was filed back in February, and the plaintiff said he was an up-and-coming 23-year-old artist in 2015 when he scored a gig at an L.A. nightclub ... where Diddy was in attendance.

The alleged details sound like several other Diddy lawsuits -- the John Doe plaintiff claimed he'd been given a drink, fell unconscious and woke up to Diddy having "unwanted sexual contact" with him. In the lawsuit, filed by attorney Tony Buzbee , Doe also claimed Diddy threatened his future career if he resisted. Shutterstock Premier

But, a New York judge says

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