The amount of rain required to produce flash flooding varies by day, and by location. This is why - for example - an inch of rain in Manitou Springs can prompt a Flash Flood Warning, while 2" in eastern Pueblo or Security-Widefield doesn't.
Forecasting flash flooding is a complex science requiring many types of measurements, and a local understanding of specific terrain features.
FLASH FLOODING BASICS
A flash flood is a sudden flooding of normally dry, typically low-lying areas
Flash floods occur when the amount of rain that falls over an area in a certain amount of time, is more than than ground can absorb.
The extra water flows on top of the ground toward low points in the terrain.
The National Weather Service forecasts flash flood risk from large centralized River Forecast Centers