In recent years, the European Union has significantly expanded its sanctions regimes, targeting Russia, Belarus, Iran, and numerous other countries. For businesses operating across borders, two questions arise particularly sharply: how to identify the relevant EU sanctions regimes, and what to do when EU rules conflict with regulations in other jurisdictions—such as the United States or the United Kingdom.

How to identify relevant EU sanctions regimes

EU sanctions are adopted by the Council in the form of decisions (CFSP) and regulations (directly applicable law). They cover, among other measures, asset freezes, travel bans, sectoral restrictions (financial, energy, defense, dual-use goods), trade prohibitions, and service restrictions.

Companies should regularly monitor the following s

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