Ports have long served as the silent engines of India’s growth story, shaping trade routes, powering industries, and fostering regional development. Recognizing their strategic importance, Parliament has passed the Indian Ports Act, 2025, replacing the colonial-era Indian Ports Act of 1908. This reform is a landmark in maritime governance, anchoring efficiency, sustainability, and cooperative federalism at the heart of port-led growth. The Act is designed to transform ports from being mere transit hubs into catalysts for economic momentum, employment generation, and global competitiveness.

The Indian Ports Act, 2025, arrives at a time when India’s maritime sector has been undergoing rapid transformation. Ports in the country handle nearly 95% of EXIM cargo by volume and about 70% by value

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