There are two parts to US President Donald Trump’s 20-point ‘Comprehensive Plan to End the Gaza Conflict’, released on September 29. The first is an immediate ceasefire with both Hamas and Israel releasing Israeli and Palestinian captives. The second, into which the first is built, is a larger peace plan for Gaza and the long-term fate of Hamas in Palestine.

Both Israel and Hamas have announced their acceptances of the ceasefire and its associated obligations. It is the second part, where Israel, Hamas, Arab states, as well as the US show contradictory readings vis-à-vis Israel’s military withdrawal from Gaza, Hamas’ disarmament and future role, and the question of an International Stabilization Force (ISF) for Gaza.

The ISF, which the US will work to develop, “with Arab and internationa

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