Nobel Prize in Physics 2025: John Clarke, Michel Devoret and John Martinis win award for breakthroughs in quantum tunnelling and energy quantisation

The 2025 Nobel Prize in Physics has been awarded to John Clarke of the University of California, Berkeley, Michel H. Devoret of Yale University and the University of California, Santa Barbara, and John M. Martinis of the University of California, Santa Barbara, for their groundbreaking “discovery of macroscopic quantum mechanical tunnelling and energy quantisation in an electric circuit.” The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences said that their experiments “revealed quantum physics in action” using a chip-based electrical circuit, demonstrating that quantum phenomena can manifest on a scale large enough to be held in the hand. “A major question in physics is the maximum size of a system that can demonstrate quantum mechanical effects,” the Academy said. The laureates’ experiments p