The Nobel Prize in Physics has been awarded to John Clarke, Michel H. Devoret and John M. Martinis “for the discovery of macroscopic quantum mechanical tunnelling and energy quantisation in an electric circuit,” the Nobel Academy announced on Tuesday.

“This year’s Nobel Prize in Physics has provided opportunities for developing the next generation of quantum technology, including quantum cryptography, quantum computers, and quantum sensors,” the official statement further read. All three winners are based in the United States.

The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences said the 2025 Nobel Prize laureates in Physics conducted groundbreaking experiments with an electrical circuit, demonstrating quantum mechanical tunnelling and quantised energy levels in a system large enough to be held in the

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