New Delhi: China is further strengthening its dominance in the rare earth elements sector by making deeper inroads into African countries, which are rich in critical minerals like cobalt, lithium, and nickel, vital for the production of batteries, electric vehicles, and renewable energy technologies.

However, Chinese investment projects have faced criticism regarding worker exploitation, lack of transparency, and for using primarily local Chinese labour instead of hiring local workers.

China's investments aim to strengthen its geopolitical influence and its high-tech manufacturing sector.

It has been using its infrastructure model of constructing roads and railways to get long-term mining rights. Finance is another potent instrument that Beijing uses to establish its foothold in African

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