BOGOTA, Colombia — An appeals court on Tuesday overturned the conviction of Colombian ex-President Álvaro Uribe for bribery and witness tampering in a historic case that gripped the South American nation and tarnished the conservative strongman’s legacy.

Uribe, 73, was sentenced to 12 years in house arrest in August following a nearly six-month trial in which prosecutors presented evidence that he attempted to influence witnesses who accused the law-and-order leader of having links to a paramilitary group in the 1990s. He has denied any wrongdoing.

The court on Tuesday said the conviction had “structural deficiencies,” used vague premises and lacked comprehensive analysis.

Uribe, who governed from 2002 to 2010, has called his conviction political persecution, claiming that the judge was

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