Dozens of country leaders are gathering in Brazil's Amazon city of Belem for the annual UN summit on climate change, hoping to advance progress despite growing concerns that multilateral co-operation is on the brink.

The COP30 conference marks three decades since global climate negotiations began.

In that time, countries have curbed the projected climb in emissions somewhat - but not enough to prevent what scientists consider extreme global warming in the next few decades.

Over two days from Thursday, Brazil's COP30 presidency has lined up 53 heads of state to deliver speeches, along with more than 40 subnational leaders.

UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres is expected to be among them.

Missing from the line-up are the leaders of four of the world's five most-polluting economies - C

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