Prime Minister Mark Carney's 2025 federal budget titled "Canada Strong" tabled on Tuesday, Nov. 4. Photo by Adam Huras/Brunswick News

Part of the build-up to this week’s budget was the incoming Carney government ’s signalling of intention regarding the federal state. The prime minister and the finance minister set the table by launching summer sprints to review spending, regulation and procurement and through comments that suggested reallocation of spending priorities was coming. Spending less on government operations was one of the seven priorities in the common mandate letter to ministers. They have worked for months to build the case that some types of spending should be thought of, and accounted for, as investment.

In parallel, the new government put “government transformation” i

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