In recent months, the Food and Drug Administration and National Institutes of Health have announced new initiatives to reduce and replace animal testing in biomedical research. Central to these efforts are “new approach methodologies,” such as lab-grown human-based models and computational technologies, promoted as more modern and human-relevant.

But amid this rush toward alternatives, we risk abandoning modern animal models that have become increasingly relevant to human biology. As a biomedical researcher combining advanced mouse models with human-based and computational approaches, I argue that biomedical discovery and drug development require greater investment in refining and complementing — not replacing — animal models.

Mice are the most commonly used animal model in biomedica

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