MINNEAPOLIS — Two Minnesota attorneys have joined a growing, disreputable list of legal officers caught submitting legal filings using phony case citations fabricated by artificial intelligence.

In both cases, the attorneys admitted they used an AI website to assist in drafting legal briefs and failed to double-check that cases cited by AI were indeed real.

Within the legal community—as in many industries—lawyers and paralegals are using AI tools to improve efficiency. One consequence is that chatbots sometimes generate made-up information, known as an AI hallucination.

"In my experience and in the experience of colleagues, AI is not something that takes the place of human lawyers," Hennepin County Judge Laurie Miller said in a hearing on Friday. "At this point, I don’t trust ChatGPT as

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