French President Emmanuel Macron and Paris Mayor Anne Hidalgo marked the 10th anniversary of the Paris terror attacks on Thursday, laying a wreath and observing a minute of silence at each site targeted.
Macron and Hidalgo were joined by representatives of victims’ associations, former French president Francois Hollande and various officials.
Survivors of the attacks and families of victims were also present but kept away from the media.
On November 13 2015, nine Islamic State group gunmen and suicide bombers struck within minutes of one another at several locations in the deadliest violence to strike France since World War II.
They targeted fans at the Stade de France stadium and cafe-goers, ending with a bloodbath in the Bataclan theatre, killing 130 people.
Two survivors who later took their own life as consequence of the physical and mental trauma also have been officially recognized as victims.
The night deepened a sense of solidarity that has endured a decade later — with many families now measuring time as “before” and “after.”
Speaking at a ceremony at the Stade de France memorial, Sophie Dias, whose father was killed in the stadium, said for ten years there has been "a void that never closes."
"My father loved life. He believed in freedom, in the simple joy of being together, of sharing precious moments with his family. And he instilled in us the values of the Republic," she said.
"That is what hatred sought to destroy. But that's precisely what we carry with us today, stronger than anything."
The attacks reshaped France’s political and emotional landscape, triggering sweeping counterterrorism powers and years of debate over security and liberties.
The commemorations will culminate in the evening with a new memorial garden in central Paris that will be unveiled by Macron during a ceremony and the Eiffel Tower being lit in French colors.

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