Indian banks need capital expansion, policy reform, and greater autonomy to break into the global big league

By Dr K Srinivasa Rao

In a large, diverse economy with various income groups and businesses, the banking system’s capacity must be properly aligned in terms of outreach and business volume to realise its growth potential fully. The strength of banks is measured worldwide by asset size or market capitalisation. The ranking of the top 100 global banks is based on these metrics. S&P Global Market Intelligence data ranked SBI at 43rd and HDFC at 73rd among the top 100 global banks in 2025, based on 2024 data. It places HDFC at 10th, ICICI at 20th, and SBI at 25th in the worldwide ranking by market capitalisation.

It is continually debated that India, as the fourth-largest economy

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