Premature births impose a significant financial burden on healthcare systems and are a predominant cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality. Premature infants are at heightened risk for a range of severe health complications, including intraventricular haemorrhage, necrotizing enterocolitis, respiratory distress syndrome, sepsis, and long-term developmental issues. The term "preterm" specifically refers to births occurring before 37 weeks of gestation. Despite advancements in medical care, the rate of preterm births has remained stable over the past four decades, with no significant decline observed. The increased use of assisted reproductive technologies (ART) in industrialized countries has exacerbated this issue, contributing to the steady incidence of premature deliveries.

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