Since time immemorial, the sentient self-reflective universal human condition has asked two questions: Who are we, and what are we? These two questions were then divided into two categories: the philosophical, social, and historical conditions, and the anatomical, biological, neurological, neuromuscular and physiological conditions.

These two questions and categories eventually led to specific periods and Ages, one of which became known as The Age of Enlightenment, which, eventually, because of continuous questioning, led to the development of the scientific method of research, which influenced all of society (Lozar, 2013; Wells, 2015). This article continues to recognize and applaud the Age of Enlightenment, which examines brain research from 1900 to 2013.

Learning and Memory: 1900

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