Israel has stepped up its offensive on Gaza City, limiting deliveries of food and basic supplies in the north of the Palestinian territory.
Food experts warned earlier this month that the city was in famine and that half a million people across the strip were facing catastrophic levels of hunger.
The Global Sumud Flotilla is carrying food, water and medicine. Activists on board demanded safe passage to deliver the much-needed aid and the opening of a humanitarian sea corridor, according to a statement.
The almost 23-month war has killed more than 63,000 people, with at least 332 Palestinians dying of malnutrition, including 124 children, according to the Gaza Health Ministry.
The maritime convoy of about 20 boats and delegations from 44 countries is claimed to be the largest attempt to