The most promising antibody-based treatments for HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) do not work equally well in patients from all regions as the geographical origin of the virus affects antibody effectiveness, new Indian research has found.

This suggests that any antibody or HIV vaccine developed in the future may need to be optimised for different regions. The study was recently published in the Journal of Virology.

In the absence of a vaccine, injectable antibodies are currently being tested as a way to prevent HIV infection. A vaccine triggers the body’s immune mechanism to produce antibodies — proteins that recognise and neutralise disease-causing organisms such as viruses or bacteria.

Since a vaccine against HIV is still not available, scientists have been testing the efficacy of i

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