Pope Leo has told a group of leading Hollywood actors and filmmakers, including Australian Cate Blanchett , that cinemas are struggling to survive and that more should be done to protect them and preserve the shared experience of watching movies.

Screen stars Monica Bellucci, Chris Pine and Viggo Mortensen were among those invited to the private Vatican audience, along with award-winning directors Spike Lee, Gus Van Sant and Sally Potter.

Leo, the first US pope, said cinema was a vital "workshop of hope" at a time of global uncertainty and digital overload.

"Cinemas are experiencing a troubling decline, with many being removed from cities and neighbourhoods," he said.

"More than a few people are saying that the art of cinema and the cinematic experience are in danger. I urge institut

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