Washington DC: Researchers have identified special immune cells in the brain that help slow Alzheimer's disease . These microglia work to reduce inflammation and block the spread of harmful proteins. They appear to protect memory and brain health , offering a promising new direction for therapy.

In a study published November 5 in Nature, the team found that microglia with lower levels of a transcription factor called PU.1 and higher expression of a receptor known as CD28 help reduce brain inflammation .

These specialised microglia also slow the buildup of amyloid plaques and the spread of toxic tau proteins, which are both major hallmarks of Alzheimer's.

PU.1 is a protein that binds to specific DNA regions, helping control which genes are activated or silenced. CD28 ,

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