During the Israel-Hamas war, a Canadian paramedic was fired, a teacher was put on extended leave and a doctor's residency was suspended.

All of them said they were penalized for criticizing Israel on social media, calling their punishments unfair and a blatant violation of their Charter right to freedom of expression.

Free-speech advocates and legal experts largely agree with that assessment, while others, including pro-Israel organizations and those that track antisemitism, say employers have the right to discipline employees who breach their policies.

As the war in Gaza eases amid a fragile ceasefire, advocates warn that a chill on sharing opinions about the conflict, especially criticisms of Israel, is here to stay.

"I think there'll be a strong opposition to any of those kinds of e

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