Airlines across several continents began pulling Airbus A320 aircraft from service on Friday after the European manufacturer ordered an immediate software change affecting thousands of jets. The directive, which touches more than half of the global A320 fleet, amounts to one of the largest recall actions in the company’s history and introduces fresh uncertainty for aviation insurers already managing heightened operational and technological risks.

The order follows a recent event in which an A320 experienced what regulators described as an “uncommanded and limited pitch down event.” Investigators linked the anomaly to a vulnerability in flight-control logic, with Airbus warning that “intense solar radiation” may corrupt data used by the aircraft’s elevator and aileron computers. Airlines w

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