Key points

Appropriate diagnosis and effective treatment can help improve functioning for persons with ADHD.

Psychostimulant medications have demonstrated effectiveness in reducing ADHD symptoms in children and adults.

ADHD medications can have beneficial effects in reducing suicidal behavior, substance misuse, and accidents.

Attention -deficit/hyperactivity disorder ( ADHD ) is one of the most common neurodevelopmental disorders in childhood and is most common among boys. However, ADHD is increasingly being understood to be underdiagnosed in girls and adults. Prevalence rates in the United States for ADHD are approximately 11 percent for children and 6 percent for adults , with a worldwide prevalence of around 5 percent .

ADHD symptoms are diverse and can affect multiple a

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