TOPLINE:

A substantial proportion of patients with end-stage renal disease undergoing regular hemodialysis showed cognitive impairment in this cross-sectional study, with higher hemoglobin levels associated with better cognitive function across various domains.

METHODOLOGY:

Cognitive impairment is common among patients with end-stage renal disease requiring maintenance hemodialysis, with notable impacts on quality of life and treatment; however, the association between cognitive impairment and hemoglobin levels remains underexplored.

Researchers conducted a cross-sectional study involving 248 patients with end-stage renal disease (mean age, 57.23 years; 49.6% men) undergoing maintenance hemodialysis for more than 6 months (three times weekly for 4 hours each) to investigate the associa

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