The Justice Department memo was stark and direct: After a shooting at an Immigration and Customs Enforcement facility in Dallas, Attorney General Pamela Bondi on Monday warned that anyone who assaults an immigration officer or tries to interfere with an operation would face arrest and prosecution.

Already in Massachusetts, federal prosecutors have charged four people with assaulting or obstructing immigration agents, and the US attorney in Boston said she is investigating potential charges against nine more.

The arrests, and Bondi’s memo ordering them to be carried out as a matter of policy, come as confrontations between ICE agents and protesters have become more aggressive and at times violent. Though the majority of those charged in Massachusetts were immigrants who were the tar

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